TAT interpretation – compiled by A. Glezerman, Ph.D.
Level 1: content analysis of responses to each card. |
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Card # |
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Hero |
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Hero’s needs: 1) Abasement 2) Achievement 3) Affiliation 4) Aggression 5) Autonomy 6) Counteraction 7) Deference 8) Defendance 9) Dominance 10) Exhibition 11) Harm avoidance 12) Avoidance of failure 13) Nurturance 14) Order 15) Play 16) Rejection 17) Sentience 18) Sex 19) Succorance 20) Understanding |
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Hero’s characteristics (emotional and physical) |
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Objects introduced |
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Objects omitted |
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Objects misperceived |
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Environment |
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Parental Figures |
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Hero’s reactions |
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Contemporary figures |
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Hero’s reactions |
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Junior figures |
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Hero’s reactions |
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Conflicts |
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Responses to conflicts |
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Anxieties |
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Defenses |
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Superego – punishment |
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Hero’s goals |
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Goal’s practicality |
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Hero’s adequacy |
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Means of achieving goals |
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Types of obstacles |
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Type of outcome |
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Realistic outcome? |
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Plot |
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Type of topic: 1) Personal 2) Relational 3) Sexual 4) Familial 5) Professional 6) Social 7) Fantastical 8) Abstract/Philosophical 9) Religious/Spiritual |
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Level 2: content analysis of pattern of responses. |
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Themes common to more than one card |
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What type of stimulus triggers these themes |
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Outlier responses |
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What type of stimulus triggers these responses |
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Themes absent in responses |
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Common emotional states |
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Common needs |
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Common defenses |
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Common conflicts |
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Common goals |
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Common obstacles |
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Common outcomes |
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Overall perception of relationships |
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Overall perception of self |
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Overall perception of the world |
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Level 3: analysis of the process of responding. |
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Style of responding |
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Starting attitude to the task and changes in it |
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Respondent’s affect and changes in it |
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Structural elements missing in responses (beginning, situation, thoughts, feelings, outcome) |
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Latencies and changes in them |
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Length of stories and changes in them |
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Level of detail in the picture described and changes in it |
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Level of complexity (description, plot with conflict, conscious identification, interpretation of characters, generalization and symbolism) and changes in it |
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Responses indicating defensiveness |
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Type of defensive responses: 1) Simple description of the card 2) Highly formalized or structured responses 3) Substitution of personal response by other (e.g. movie plot) 4) Offering several options for story elements 5) Other |
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Triggers for responses indicating defensiveness |
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Changes following these responses |
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Responses indicating loss of control (tangentiality, thought blocking, loss of logic, blanket refusal) |
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Triggers for responses indicating loss of control |
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Changes following these responses |
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Types of meta commentary: 1) Evaluation of characters and plot (Narcissistic? Moralistic?) 2) Personalization (low self-esteem?) 3) Referring to common knowledge (low self-esteem? Anxiety?) 4) Unusual precision of details (histrionic? Low self-esteem? Concrete? Good writer?) |
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Speech characteristics: 1) Unusual style or verbiage 2) Platitudes and quotes 3) Paraphasias and pauses |
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Card # |
Common Themes (mostly Bellak, 1986; Соколова, 1980) |
1 |
Relationship w/parents, autonomy vs. compliance, achievement motivation, frustration, symbolic representation of sexual conflicts. |
2 |
Family relationships, family conflicts, autonomy/compliance, love triangles, pregnancy and children, gender stereotypes, historical themes, professional competency. |
3BM |
Gender (identification vs. dissociation), aggression, depression, suicidality. |
3GF |
Depression. |
4 |
Relationship w/partner or spouse (could be self or parental), autonomy vs. dependence, trust and betrayal, sexual conflicts, jealousy. |
5 |
Relationship with mother, issues of privacy vs. intrusion, intimacy, safety. |
6BM |
Mother-son relationship. |
6GF |
Father-daughter or husband-wife or male authority figure relationship. |
7BM |
Father-son or male authority figure relationship. |
7GF |
Mother-daughter relationship, having children, sibling relationship, often includes very informative fairy tale. |
8BM |
Aggression, ambition. |
8GF |
Aspirations and dreams, current emotional state. |
9BM |
Cohort relationships, social interactions and biases. |
9GF |
Cohort relationships, mother-daughter and sibling conflicts, depression, suicidality, suspiciousness and paranoia, suppressed aggression. |
10 |
Male-female relationship. |
11 |
Primitive fears and anxieties, current emotional state. |
12M |
Relationship with authority figures (often psychotherapist). |
12F |
Relationship with mother or mother-in-law. |
12BG |
Depression, suicidality, loneliness, tranquility. |
13MF |
Sexual problems and conflicts, aggression, guilt. |
13B |
Analogous to card 1 plus loneliness. |
13G |
Same. |
14 |
Fear of darkness, suicidality, overall perception of the world and life. |
15 |
Death, depression, repressed aggression, religion. |
16 |
Blank card (in my experience, often reflects reaction to the assessment process or the examiner). |
17BM |
Fears, escape, body image, associations with sports and fitness. |
17GF |
Suicidality, romantic stories. |
18BM |
Attack vs. support, fears and dependencies, aggression. |
18GF |
Aggression, mother-daughter conflicts. |
19 |
Self and environment. |
20 |
Fears, loneliness, independence. |
Compiled from: Леонтьев Д. А.(1998), Соколова Е. Т. (1980), Bellak, L. (1986), Murray H. A. (1943), Rotter J.B. (1946)